Critical Studies - Lecture Notes: Industrialization and innovation. - Part 2

| INTRODUCTION:

Just like it says in the title.  This is part 2 of the Critical Studies notes, it kind of meanders all over the place and once again I refuse to make claims as to proper spelling, grammar or historical accuracy.PART 1: Industrialization and innovation
PART 2: 19th Century New Zealand
PART 3: 19th Century Photography

THE 19TH CENTURY:

PART 2: 19TH CENTURY NEW ZEALAND

1. GENERAL HISTORY:
   In the early 19th century the Ngati Ira were subjected to massive raids by the other tribes in the area. This meant that when the Europeans began colonizing the Wellington area the people that were living there did not have such a deep connection with the land that they might have had if they had lived there for a long time. - Although I've almost certainly phrased this incorrectly - what it means is that the colonization of the Wellington region was relatively easier than for the rest of the country.
   Petone's name has changed over time. The original name was Pito-One due to the amount of food that was produced in the region. Pito (meaning umbilical cord/Focal point or feeding point where a baby is nurtured)
2. The Maori Flag of independence:Before the Treaty of Waitangi the Federation of United Tribes was created. They represented the northern tribes and could see that with the influx of migrants they needed to present a united front rather than a series of separate tribes.Part of the reason that the flag was raised is that the immigrants had flags on their ships. Because the Maori were sailing the sea and trading with Australia they created the flag to identify their country of origin.
   
3. EUROPEANISATION:The New Zealand Company - Formed by Colonel Wakefield while he was in prison for fraud with the intention of buying land in New Zealand for very cheap and selling it to English settlers.This practice was not limited to the New Zealand Company however with the Roanoke colony being prime example - where a swampy bog was sold under the heading of prime real estate.
   Europeans were living in deplorable conditions and were desperate to come to New Zealand in the hope of a better life.  The images of Charles Heaphy, Samuel Brees and Colonel Wakefield romanticized New Zealand to an unreal degree so that Maori were depicted as a humble and quiet people who lived side by side with the colonists in perfect harmony. While their paintings made a connection with people in England, which admittedly was the point, they do serve to alienate New Zealanders – both us in the present and those in the past.
4. The adaption of European imagery into Maori design:Rongopai Waituhi Marae, Gisbourne – The first Marae that was largely painted rather than carved.  The stylized form of art began to have an impact on the oral traditions of the Maori. Many Kaumatua were unhappy with this shift as they saw it as the end of - or at least the erosion of the traditional ways.
5. The death of the Maori as a raceCharles Goldie viewed the Maori as a dying race because that was the social attitude at the time. Because of this he didn't hold the Maori in high regard but this, I feel, does not come through in his works but it does lower my opinion of him slightly.Lindauer did much the same subjects as Goldie but has finer brush strokes and there is a huge difference in the size of their respective works.